Article: NAFLD: A BRIEF REVIEW OF THE RECENT GLOBAL EPIDEMIC

Article Category: Review articles

DOI: 10.7897/2277-4343.140259

Pages: 149-152

Author: Vanya Gupta *, Ved Bhushan Sharma, RC Tiwari, Priyanka, Aditi Yadav

Abstract: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a metabolism-related severe illness, and during the next ten years, it will continue to be a major global liver health concern. According to epidemiological research, the incidence of NAFLD in the general population of India ranges from 9% to 32%, with a higher frequency in people who are obese and have diabetes. NAFLD is most strongly associated with obesity and insulin resistance, increasing the risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular and cardiac diseases, chronic kidney disease, and a causal link in sleep apnea, colorectal cancer, osteoporosis, psoriasis, various endocrinopathies such as polycystic ovary syndrome, as well as liver cancer and a liver transplant. Although liver biopsy is still the gold standard for a conclusive diagnosis, developing non-invasive advanced imaging like USG, biochemical, and genetic tests will undoubtedly give future clinicians a wealth of knowledge and the chance to understand the pathogenesis better and develop targeted treatments. Several drugs and nutritional supplements are now used to treat NAFLD, but none appear to be the "magic cure" for this escalating issue. To better understand this condition and manage NAFLD patients, we have compiled the most recent information on NAFLD epidemiology, risk factors, prevalence, pathogenesis, diagnosis, staging, screening, and treatment in this study.

Keyword: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, Diabetes, Insulin resistance, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Liver transplant.